Epistemology

Class Summery on Epistemology

Realism:  Realism is also called  a naive realism. Outside the there is a world that independent and before our knowledge that is reality. When we come to know that is knowledge .whether we know or not that existence is there.  Knowledge        Reality   . But there is a prolem to recognize real and unreal or true or false. Becausse our limitation of our concept and senses. Eg. Seeing the rope we say  that it is a snake. It our fallacy of seeing.  

Representative  idea:  Idea of our mind is not same outside the world. Idea and reality are not same it is only representation. Reality indifferently exists.   Person                   Subjective              

                                                                                                                               Objective

Hyper critical is an extreme form critical realism. The world is complete different which  appears to us.

Common sense realism is that there is world and our mind  somehow can acquire that knowledge.  Phenomenalism is known as agnostic realism and subjectivism. Knowledge is limited to world. Objective idealism is that  our mind is not only subjective is also objective.

Skepticism is that denies knowledge possible or not. There is always doubt. 

Problem of truth: The three primary truths. A. the first fact B. the first principle C. the first condition.

The first fact is that fact of existence I exist. The first principle fact is that principle of contradiction. A thing cannot be and not be at the same time in the same respect. The first condition is that our mind has capability to know the truth. My intellect can discover and reason the truth.

Personal reflexion: I think that epistemology discuss in detail about knowledge therefore it clears our idea of knowledge. It also leads to the source of knowledge step by step that I am experiencing in the class of epistemology. It also leads to the truth according to the theory of the three primary truths. It sure that existence is there at present and true itself exists. One thing cannot be two places at same time and present at the same respect. I have capacity to reason out and discover truth. So I think that helps me to think analytically and critically that leads me to the true knowledge

Class summery on Epistemology

Self evidence does not need to prove. It is also called immediate. I exist for there is no need to prove. It is our out thought. It also appears at once to us. No man is immortal so all men are mortal. Immediate evidence means truth does not appear immediate to us and we have to look for it. All students are hard worker. John is a student so he is a hard worker. So it takes two other sentences to prove John is a hard worker. It works through the medium of reasoning. Evidence of value means is only feeling, opinion, and personal taste. It must be an objective. It based on three sources evidence of sense, evidence of intellect and evidence of authority that reliable to testimony.

 It is a fact that our judgment is not always true. So we have to establish the criterion truth. So what is the proper test of truth? Idea is the representation of a thing; we cannot understand all thing of an object because of our limitation intellect. Things are undivided in the nature and one. But it is divided and many according to our intellect. So none of our idea represents reality of things but a phase, portion and an aspect. To be a correct representation it must agree with its formal object. The idea is piecemeal representation but it is correct as far as it goes. So our intellect gain more or less complete grasp of a thing by the mental division of its reality into a number of concepts. What was in the process of abstraction becomes united in the act of making a judgment, so we can consider these judgments: dog is black. Dog has four legs. Dog can run fast. The subject is a dog and presented as predicate is that black, four legs and run fast. These are known and belong to the object. So for negative we deny it the presence in the things. Dog is not black. So the truth and error abide in the judgment not in the idea. Knowledge is useless if it does not agree with reality. Certitude is the state of mind that mind gives a firm assent to a judgment without fear of error due to recognized valid reasons. The valid reasons are moral certitude, physical certitude and metaphysical certitude. 

Personal refection: 

So I feel that I am entering into the deep knowledge of epistemology and understanding of epistemology. I can know the truth and false by studying the epistemology. As I know there are three types of truth mediate, immediate and evidence of value. These will help me to judge the things properly. Above all that the more I study epistemology the more I become critical and analytical. So it really leads me to acquire a true knowledge that will light my dark part of my life. It also helps me to distinguish between true and error and to be a sharp judgment. As candidate for priesthood this is very necessary for me. It also will help me evaluate my life and other with whom I will work. Finally I can say that it makes me acute, prompt and docile. It also sharpens my thought. I am helped by this subject.